How a load tap changer (LTC) works

How a load tap changer (LTC) works

The LTC allows voltage regulation and/or phase shifting by varying the transformer ratio under load without interruption, changes the ratio of a transformer by adding turns to or subtracting turns from either theprimary or the secondary winding also the transformer...
How to select a circuit breaker

How to select a circuit breaker

Circuit breakers are used in the following: In power plants and substations, they protect the main equipment from overloading, short circuit and thus, partial or total damage which costs very much.In branch circuits, they protect mainly the cables from overloading and...
How a current transformer (CT) work

How a current transformer (CT) work

A CT consists of two sets of wire windings around an iron core, you can see how a CT is built in the next video: Transformers work based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. This principle states that an alternating magnetic flux in the presence of a loop of...
Memory used in a PLC

Memory used in a PLC

Memory is the element that stores information, programs, and data in a PLC. The user memory of a PLC includes space for the user program as well as addressable memory locations for storage of data. Data are stored in memory locations by a process called writing. Data...
Special I/O Modules

Special I/O Modules

Many different types of I/O modules have been developed to meet special needs. HIGH-SPEED COUNTER MODULE The high-speed counter module is used to provide an interface for applications requiring counter speeds that surpass the capability of the PLC ladder program....
Analog I/O Modules

Analog I/O Modules

Discrete devices are inputs and outputs that have only two states: on and off. In comparison, analog devices represent physical quantities that can have an infinite number of values. Typical analog inputs and outputs vary from 0 to 20 milliamps, 4 to 20 milliamps, or...
Discrete I/O Modules

Discrete I/O Modules

The most common type of I/O interface module is the discrete type. This type of interface connects field input devices of the ON/OFF nature such as selector switches, pushbuttons, and limit switches. Likewise, output control is limited to devices such as lights,...